Linker: Add flag to override linkage rules

Add a flag to lib/Linker (and `llvm-link`) to override linkage rules.
When set, the functions in the source module *always* replace those in
the destination module.

The `llvm-link` option is `-override=abc.ll`.  All the "regular" modules
are loaded and linked first, followed by the `-override` modules.  This
is useful for debugging workflows where some subset of the module (e.g.,
a single function) is extracted into a separate file where it's
optimized differently, before being merged back in.

Patch by Luqman Aden!

llvm-svn: 235473