[clang] Use a StringRef instead of a raw char pointer to store builtin and call information

This avoids recomputing string length that is already known at compile
time.

It has a slight impact on preprocessing / compile time, see

https://llvm-compile-time-tracker.com/compare.php?from=3f36d2d579d8b0e8824d9dd99bfa79f456858f88&to=e49640c507ddc6615b5e503144301c8e41f8f434&stat=instructions:u

This is a recommit of 719d98df that into
account a GGC issue (probably
https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=92181) when dealing with
intiailizer_list and constant expressions.

Workaround this by avoiding initializer list, at the expense of a
temporary plain old array.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D139881