[Clang] Add __builtin_function_start

Control-Flow Integrity (CFI) replaces references to address-taken
functions with pointers to the CFI jump table. This is a problem
for low-level code, such as operating system kernels, which may
need the address of an actual function body without the jump table
indirection.

This change adds the __builtin_function_start() builtin, which
accepts an argument that can be constant-evaluated to a function,
and returns the address of the function body.

Link: https://github.com/ClangBuiltLinux/linux/issues/1353

Depends on D108478

Reviewed By: pcc, rjmccall

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D108479