[clang-format] break after the closing paren of a TypeScript decoration

This fixes up a regression we found from
https://reviews.llvm.org/D107267: in specific contexts, clang-format
stopped breaking after the `)` in TypeScript decorations. There were no test cases covering this, so I added one.

Reviewed By: MyDeveloperDay

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D108538