[DebugInfo][RemoveDIs] Support DPValues in HWAsan (#78731)

This patch extends HWASAN to support maintenance of debug-info that
isn't stored as intrinsics, but is instead in a DPValue object. This is
straight-forwards: we collect any such objects in StackInfoBuilder, and
apply the same operations to them as we would to dbg.value and similar
intrinsics.

I've also replaced some calls to getNextNode with debug-info skipping
next calls, and use iterators for instruction insertion rather than
instruction pointers. This avoids any difference in output between
intrinsic / non-intrinsic debug-info, but also means that any debug-info
comes before code inserted by HWAsan, rather than afterwards. See the
test modifications, where the variable assignment (presented as a
dbg.value) jumps up over all the code inserted by HWAsan. Seeing how the
code inserted by HWAsan is always (AFAIUI) given the source-location of
the instruction being instrumented, I don't believe this will have any
effect on which lines variable assignments become visible on; it may
extend the number of instructions covered by the assignments though.