[llvm-mca] Avoid exposing index values in the MCA interfaces.

Summary:
This patch eliminates many places where we originally needed to  pass index
values to represent an instruction.  The index is still used as a key, in various parts of 
MCA.  I'm  not comfortable eliminating the index just yet.    By burying the index in
the instruction, we can avoid exposing that value in many places.

Eventually, we should consider removing the Instructions list in the Backend 
all together,   it's only used to hold and reclaim the memory for the allocated 
Instruction instances.  Instead we could pass around a smart pointer.  But that's
a separate discussion/patch.

Reviewers: andreadb, courbet, RKSimon

Reviewed By: andreadb

Subscribers: javed.absar, tschuett, gbedwell, llvm-commits

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D46367

llvm-svn: 331660