[clang-format] Fix PointerAlignmentRight with AlignConsecutiveDeclarations

This re-applies the old patch D27651, which was never landed, into the
latest "main" branch, without understanding the code. I just applied
the changes "mechanically" and made it compiling again.

This makes the right pointer alignment working as expected.
Fixes https://llvm.org/PR27353

For instance

const char* const* v1;
float const* v2;
SomeVeryLongType const& v3;

was formatted as

const char *const *     v1;
float const *           v2;
SomeVeryLongType const &v3;

This patch keep the *s or &s aligned to the right, next to their variable.
The above example is now formatted as

const char *const      *v1;
float const            *v2;
SomeVeryLongType const &v3;

It is a pity that this still does not work with clang-format in 2021,
even though there was a fix available in 2016. IMHO right pointer alignment
is the default case in C, because syntactically the pointer belongs to the
variable.

See

int* a, b, c; // wrong, just the 1st variable is a pointer

vs.

int *a, *b, *c; // right

Prominent example is the Linux kernel coding style.

Some styles argue the left pointer alignment is better and declaration
lists as shown above should be avoided. That's ok, as different projects
can use different styles, but this important style should work too.

I hope that somebody that has a better understanding about the code,
can take over this patch and land it into main.

For now I must maintain this fork to make it working for our projects.

Cheers,
Gerhard.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D103245