[SROA] Fix alignment for uses of PHI nodes.

Splitting an alloca can decrease the alignment of GEPs into the
partition.  Normally, rewriting accounts for this, but the code was
missing for uses of PHI nodes and select instructions.

Fixes https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=38707 .

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D51335

llvm-svn: 341094