SCCP.cpp

    markOverdefined(IV, I);
    return;
  }

  std::vector<Constant*> Operands;
  Operands.reserve(I->getNumOperands()-1);

  for (CallSite::arg_iterator AI = CS.arg_begin(), E = CS.arg_end();
       AI != E; ++AI) {
    LatticeVal &State = getValueState(*AI);
    if (State.isUndefined())
      return;  // Operands are not resolved yet...
    else if (State.isOverdefined()) {
      markOverdefined(IV, I);
      return;
    }
    assert(State.isConstant() && "Unknown state!");
    Operands.push_back(State.getConstant());
  }

  if (Constant *C = ConstantFoldCall(F, Operands))
    markConstant(IV, I, C);
  else
    markOverdefined(IV, I);
}


void SCCPSolver::Solve() {
  // Process the work lists until they are empty!
  while (!BBWorkList.empty() || !InstWorkList.empty() ||
         !OverdefinedInstWorkList.empty()) {
    // Process the instruction work list...
    while (!OverdefinedInstWorkList.empty()) {
      Value *I = OverdefinedInstWorkList.back();
      OverdefinedInstWorkList.pop_back();

      DOUT << "\nPopped off OI-WL: " << *I;

      // "I" got into the work list because it either made the transition from
      // bottom to constant
      //
      // Anything on this worklist that is overdefined need not be visited
      // since all of its users will have already been marked as overdefined
      // Update all of the users of this instruction's value...
      //
      for (Value::use_iterator UI = I->use_begin(), E = I->use_end();
           UI != E; ++UI)
        OperandChangedState(*UI);
    }
    // Process the instruction work list...
    while (!InstWorkList.empty()) {
      Value *I = InstWorkList.back();
      InstWorkList.pop_back();

      DOUT << "\nPopped off I-WL: " << *I;

      // "I" got into the work list because it either made the transition from
      // bottom to constant
      //
      // Anything on this worklist that is overdefined need not be visited
      // since all of its users will have already been marked as overdefined.
      // Update all of the users of this instruction's value...
      //
      if (!getValueState(I).isOverdefined())
        for (Value::use_iterator UI = I->use_begin(), E = I->use_end();
             UI != E; ++UI)
          OperandChangedState(*UI);
    }

    // Process the basic block work list...
    while (!BBWorkList.empty()) {
      BasicBlock *BB = BBWorkList.back();
      BBWorkList.pop_back();

      DOUT << "\nPopped off BBWL: " << *BB;

      // Notify all instructions in this basic block that they are newly
      // executable.
      visit(BB);
    }
  }
}

/// ResolvedUndefsIn - While solving the dataflow for a function, we assume
/// that branches on undef values cannot reach any of their successors.
/// However, this is not a safe assumption.  After we solve dataflow, this
/// method should be use to handle this.  If this returns true, the solver
/// should be rerun.
///
/// This method handles this by finding an unresolved branch and marking it one
/// of the edges from the block as being feasible, even though the condition
/// doesn't say it would otherwise be.  This allows SCCP to find the rest of the
/// CFG and only slightly pessimizes the analysis results (by marking one,
/// potentially infeasible, edge feasible).  This cannot usefully modify the
/// constraints on the condition of the branch, as that would impact other users
/// of the value.
///
/// This scan also checks for values that use undefs, whose results are actually
/// defined.  For example, 'zext i8 undef to i32' should produce all zeros
/// conservatively, as "(zext i8 X -> i32) & 0xFF00" must always return zero,
/// even if X isn't defined.
bool SCCPSolver::ResolvedUndefsIn(Function &F) {
  for (Function::iterator BB = F.begin(), E = F.end(); BB != E; ++BB) {
    if (!BBExecutable.count(BB))
      continue;
    
    for (BasicBlock::iterator I = BB->begin(), E = BB->end(); I != E; ++I) {
      // Look for instructions which produce undef values.
      if (I->getType() == Type::VoidTy) continue;
      
      LatticeVal &LV = getValueState(I);
      if (!LV.isUndefined()) continue;

      // Get the lattice values of the first two operands for use below.
      LatticeVal &Op0LV = getValueState(I->getOperand(0));
      LatticeVal Op1LV;
      if (I->getNumOperands() == 2) {
        // If this is a two-operand instruction, and if both operands are
        // undefs, the result stays undef.
        Op1LV = getValueState(I->getOperand(1));
        if (Op0LV.isUndefined() && Op1LV.isUndefined())
          continue;
      }
      
      // If this is an instructions whose result is defined even if the input is
      // not fully defined, propagate the information.
      const Type *ITy = I->getType();
      switch (I->getOpcode()) {
      default: break;          // Leave the instruction as an undef.
      case Instruction::ZExt:
        // After a zero extend, we know the top part is zero.  SExt doesn't have
        // to be handled here, because we don't know whether the top part is 1's
        // or 0's.
        assert(Op0LV.isUndefined());
        markForcedConstant(LV, I, Constant::getNullValue(ITy));
        return true;
      case Instruction::Mul:
      case Instruction::And:
        // undef * X -> 0.   X could be zero.
        // undef & X -> 0.   X could be zero.
        markForcedConstant(LV, I, Constant::getNullValue(ITy));
        return true;

      case Instruction::Or:
        // undef | X -> -1.   X could be -1.
        markForcedConstant(LV, I, ConstantInt::getAllOnesValue(ITy));
        return true;

      case Instruction::SDiv:
      case Instruction::UDiv:
      case Instruction::SRem:
      case Instruction::URem:
        // X / undef -> undef.  No change.
        // X % undef -> undef.  No change.
        if (Op1LV.isUndefined()) break;
        
        // undef / X -> 0.   X could be maxint.
        // undef % X -> 0.   X could be 1.
        markForcedConstant(LV, I, Constant::getNullValue(ITy));
        return true;
        
      case Instruction::AShr:
        // undef >>s X -> undef.  No change.
        if (Op0LV.isUndefined()) break;
        
        // X >>s undef -> X.  X could be 0, X could have the high-bit known set.
        if (Op0LV.isConstant())
          markForcedConstant(LV, I, Op0LV.getConstant());
        else
          markOverdefined(LV, I);
        return true;
      case Instruction::LShr:
      case Instruction::Shl:
        // undef >> X -> undef.  No change.
        // undef << X -> undef.  No change.
        if (Op0LV.isUndefined()) break;
        
        // X >> undef -> 0.  X could be 0.
        // X << undef -> 0.  X could be 0.
        markForcedConstant(LV, I, Constant::getNullValue(ITy));
        return true;
      case Instruction::Select:
        // undef ? X : Y  -> X or Y.  There could be commonality between X/Y.
        if (Op0LV.isUndefined()) {
          if (!Op1LV.isConstant())  // Pick the constant one if there is any.
            Op1LV = getValueState(I->getOperand(2));
        } else if (Op1LV.isUndefined()) {
          // c ? undef : undef -> undef.  No change.
          Op1LV = getValueState(I->getOperand(2));
          if (Op1LV.isUndefined())
            break;
          // Otherwise, c ? undef : x -> x.
        } else {
          // Leave Op1LV as Operand(1)'s LatticeValue.
        }
        
        if (Op1LV.isConstant())
          markForcedConstant(LV, I, Op1LV.getConstant());
        else
          markOverdefined(LV, I);
        return true;
      }
    }
  
    TerminatorInst *TI = BB->getTerminator();
    if (BranchInst *BI = dyn_cast<BranchInst>(TI)) {
      if (!BI->isConditional()) continue;
      if (!getValueState(BI->getCondition()).isUndefined())
        continue;
    } else if (SwitchInst *SI = dyn_cast<SwitchInst>(TI)) {
      if (!getValueState(SI->getCondition()).isUndefined())
        continue;
    } else {
      continue;
    }
    
    // If the edge to the first successor isn't thought to be feasible yet, mark
    // it so now.
    if (KnownFeasibleEdges.count(Edge(BB, TI->getSuccessor(0))))
      continue;
    
    // Otherwise, it isn't already thought to be feasible.  Mark it as such now
    // and return.  This will make other blocks reachable, which will allow new
    // values to be discovered and existing ones to be moved in the lattice.
    markEdgeExecutable(BB, TI->getSuccessor(0));
    return true;
  }

  return false;
}


namespace {
  //===--------------------------------------------------------------------===//
  //
  /// SCCP Class - This class uses the SCCPSolver to implement a per-function
  /// Sparse Conditional COnstant Propagator.
  ///
  struct SCCP : public FunctionPass {
    // runOnFunction - Run the Sparse Conditional Constant Propagation
    // algorithm, and return true if the function was modified.
    //
    bool runOnFunction(Function &F);

    virtual void getAnalysisUsage(AnalysisUsage &AU) const {
      AU.setPreservesCFG();
    }
  };

  RegisterPass<SCCP> X("sccp", "Sparse Conditional Constant Propagation");
} // end anonymous namespace


// createSCCPPass - This is the public interface to this file...
FunctionPass *llvm::createSCCPPass() {
  return new SCCP();
}


// runOnFunction() - Run the Sparse Conditional Constant Propagation algorithm,
// and return true if the function was modified.
//
bool SCCP::runOnFunction(Function &F) {
  DOUT << "SCCP on function '" << F.getName() << "'\n";
  SCCPSolver Solver;

  // Mark the first block of the function as being executable.
  Solver.MarkBlockExecutable(F.begin());

  // Mark all arguments to the function as being overdefined.
  hash_map<Value*, LatticeVal> &Values = Solver.getValueMapping();
  for (Function::arg_iterator AI = F.arg_begin(), E = F.arg_end(); AI != E; ++AI)
    Values[AI].markOverdefined();

  // Solve for constants.
  bool ResolvedUndefs = true;
  while (ResolvedUndefs) {
    Solver.Solve();
    DOUT << "RESOLVING UNDEFs\n";
    ResolvedUndefs = Solver.ResolvedUndefsIn(F);
  }

  bool MadeChanges = false;

  // If we decided that there are basic blocks that are dead in this function,
  // delete their contents now.  Note that we cannot actually delete the blocks,
  // as we cannot modify the CFG of the function.
  //
  std::set<BasicBlock*> &ExecutableBBs = Solver.getExecutableBlocks();
  for (Function::iterator BB = F.begin(), E = F.end(); BB != E; ++BB)
    if (!ExecutableBBs.count(BB)) {
      DOUT << "  BasicBlock Dead:" << *BB;
      ++NumDeadBlocks;

      // Delete the instructions backwards, as it has a reduced likelihood of
      // having to update as many def-use and use-def chains.
      std::vector<Instruction*> Insts;
      for (BasicBlock::iterator I = BB->begin(), E = BB->getTerminator();
           I != E; ++I)
        Insts.push_back(I);
      while (!Insts.empty()) {
        Instruction *I = Insts.back();
        Insts.pop_back();
        if (!I->use_empty())
          I->replaceAllUsesWith(UndefValue::get(I->getType()));
        BB->getInstList().erase(I);
        MadeChanges = true;
        ++NumInstRemoved;
      }
    } else {
      // Iterate over all of the instructions in a function, replacing them with
      // constants if we have found them to be of constant values.
      //
      for (BasicBlock::iterator BI = BB->begin(), E = BB->end(); BI != E; ) {
        Instruction *Inst = BI++;
        if (Inst->getType() != Type::VoidTy) {
          LatticeVal &IV = Values[Inst];
          if (IV.isConstant() || IV.isUndefined() &&
              !isa<TerminatorInst>(Inst)) {
            Constant *Const = IV.isConstant()
              ? IV.getConstant() : UndefValue::get(Inst->getType());
            DOUT << "  Constant: " << *Const << " = " << *Inst;

            // Replaces all of the uses of a variable with uses of the constant.
            Inst->replaceAllUsesWith(Const);

            // Delete the instruction.
            BB->getInstList().erase(Inst);

            // Hey, we just changed something!
            MadeChanges = true;
            ++NumInstRemoved;
          }
        }
      }
    }

  return MadeChanges;
}

namespace {
  //===--------------------------------------------------------------------===//
  //
  /// IPSCCP Class - This class implements interprocedural Sparse Conditional
  /// Constant Propagation.
  ///
  struct IPSCCP : public ModulePass {
    bool runOnModule(Module &M);
  };

  RegisterPass<IPSCCP>
  Y("ipsccp", "Interprocedural Sparse Conditional Constant Propagation");
} // end anonymous namespace

// createIPSCCPPass - This is the public interface to this file...
ModulePass *llvm::createIPSCCPPass() {
  return new IPSCCP();
}


static bool AddressIsTaken(GlobalValue *GV) {
  // Delete any dead constantexpr klingons.
  GV->removeDeadConstantUsers();

  for (Value::use_iterator UI = GV->use_begin(), E = GV->use_end();
       UI != E; ++UI)
    if (StoreInst *SI = dyn_cast<StoreInst>(*UI)) {
      if (SI->getOperand(0) == GV || SI->isVolatile())
        return true;  // Storing addr of GV.
    } else if (isa<InvokeInst>(*UI) || isa<CallInst>(*UI)) {
      // Make sure we are calling the function, not passing the address.
      CallSite CS = CallSite::get(cast<Instruction>(*UI));
      for (CallSite::arg_iterator AI = CS.arg_begin(),
             E = CS.arg_end(); AI != E; ++AI)
        if (*AI == GV)
          return true;
    } else if (LoadInst *LI = dyn_cast<LoadInst>(*UI)) {
      if (LI->isVolatile())
        return true;
    } else {
      return true;
    }
  return false;
}

bool IPSCCP::runOnModule(Module &M) {
  SCCPSolver Solver;

  // Loop over all functions, marking arguments to those with their addresses
  // taken or that are external as overdefined.
  //
  hash_map<Value*, LatticeVal> &Values = Solver.getValueMapping();
  for (Module::iterator F = M.begin(), E = M.end(); F != E; ++F)
    if (!F->hasInternalLinkage() || AddressIsTaken(F)) {
      if (!F->isExternal())
        Solver.MarkBlockExecutable(F->begin());
      for (Function::arg_iterator AI = F->arg_begin(), E = F->arg_end();
           AI != E; ++AI)
        Values[AI].markOverdefined();
    } else {
      Solver.AddTrackedFunction(F);
    }

  // Loop over global variables.  We inform the solver about any internal global
  // variables that do not have their 'addresses taken'.  If they don't have
  // their addresses taken, we can propagate constants through them.
  for (Module::global_iterator G = M.global_begin(), E = M.global_end();
       G != E; ++G)
    if (!G->isConstant() && G->hasInternalLinkage() && !AddressIsTaken(G))
      Solver.TrackValueOfGlobalVariable(G);

  // Solve for constants.
  bool ResolvedUndefs = true;
  while (ResolvedUndefs) {
    Solver.Solve();

    DOUT << "RESOLVING UNDEFS\n";
    ResolvedUndefs = false;
    for (Module::iterator F = M.begin(), E = M.end(); F != E; ++F)
      ResolvedUndefs |= Solver.ResolvedUndefsIn(*F);
  }

  bool MadeChanges = false;

  // Iterate over all of the instructions in the module, replacing them with
  // constants if we have found them to be of constant values.
  //
  std::set<BasicBlock*> &ExecutableBBs = Solver.getExecutableBlocks();
  for (Module::iterator F = M.begin(), E = M.end(); F != E; ++F) {
    for (Function::arg_iterator AI = F->arg_begin(), E = F->arg_end();
         AI != E; ++AI)
      if (!AI->use_empty()) {
        LatticeVal &IV = Values[AI];
        if (IV.isConstant() || IV.isUndefined()) {
          Constant *CST = IV.isConstant() ?
            IV.getConstant() : UndefValue::get(AI->getType());
          DOUT << "***  Arg " << *AI << " = " << *CST <<"\n";

          // Replaces all of the uses of a variable with uses of the
          // constant.
          AI->replaceAllUsesWith(CST);
          ++IPNumArgsElimed;
        }
      }

    std::vector<BasicBlock*> BlocksToErase;
    for (Function::iterator BB = F->begin(), E = F->end(); BB != E; ++BB)
      if (!ExecutableBBs.count(BB)) {
        DOUT << "  BasicBlock Dead:" << *BB;
        ++IPNumDeadBlocks;

        // Delete the instructions backwards, as it has a reduced likelihood of
        // having to update as many def-use and use-def chains.
        std::vector<Instruction*> Insts;
        TerminatorInst *TI = BB->getTerminator();
        for (BasicBlock::iterator I = BB->begin(), E = TI; I != E; ++I)
          Insts.push_back(I);

        while (!Insts.empty()) {
          Instruction *I = Insts.back();
          Insts.pop_back();
          if (!I->use_empty())
            I->replaceAllUsesWith(UndefValue::get(I->getType()));
          BB->getInstList().erase(I);
          MadeChanges = true;
          ++IPNumInstRemoved;
        }

        for (unsigned i = 0, e = TI->getNumSuccessors(); i != e; ++i) {
          BasicBlock *Succ = TI->getSuccessor(i);
          if (Succ->begin() != Succ->end() && isa<PHINode>(Succ->begin()))
            TI->getSuccessor(i)->removePredecessor(BB);
        }
        if (!TI->use_empty())
          TI->replaceAllUsesWith(UndefValue::get(TI->getType()));
        BB->getInstList().erase(TI);

        if (&*BB != &F->front())
          BlocksToErase.push_back(BB);
        else
          new UnreachableInst(BB);

      } else {
        for (BasicBlock::iterator BI = BB->begin(), E = BB->end(); BI != E; ) {
          Instruction *Inst = BI++;
          if (Inst->getType() != Type::VoidTy) {
            LatticeVal &IV = Values[Inst];
            if (IV.isConstant() || IV.isUndefined() &&
                !isa<TerminatorInst>(Inst)) {
              Constant *Const = IV.isConstant()
                ? IV.getConstant() : UndefValue::get(Inst->getType());
              DOUT << "  Constant: " << *Const << " = " << *Inst;

              // Replaces all of the uses of a variable with uses of the
              // constant.
              Inst->replaceAllUsesWith(Const);

              // Delete the instruction.
              if (!isa<TerminatorInst>(Inst) && !isa<CallInst>(Inst))
                BB->getInstList().erase(Inst);

              // Hey, we just changed something!
              MadeChanges = true;
              ++IPNumInstRemoved;
            }
          }
        }
      }

    // Now that all instructions in the function are constant folded, erase dead
    // blocks, because we can now use ConstantFoldTerminator to get rid of
    // in-edges.
    for (unsigned i = 0, e = BlocksToErase.size(); i != e; ++i) {
      // If there are any PHI nodes in this successor, drop entries for BB now.
      BasicBlock *DeadBB = BlocksToErase[i];
      while (!DeadBB->use_empty()) {
        Instruction *I = cast<Instruction>(DeadBB->use_back());
        bool Folded = ConstantFoldTerminator(I->getParent());
        if (!Folded) {
          // The constant folder may not have been able to fold the termiantor
          // if this is a branch or switch on undef.  Fold it manually as a
          // branch to the first successor.
          if (BranchInst *BI = dyn_cast<BranchInst>(I)) {
            assert(BI->isConditional() && isa<UndefValue>(BI->getCondition()) &&
                   "Branch should be foldable!");
          } else if (SwitchInst *SI = dyn_cast<SwitchInst>(I)) {
            assert(isa<UndefValue>(SI->getCondition()) && "Switch should fold");
          } else {
            assert(0 && "Didn't fold away reference to block!");
          }
          
          // Make this an uncond branch to the first successor.
          TerminatorInst *TI = I->getParent()->getTerminator();
          new BranchInst(TI->getSuccessor(0), TI);
          
          // Remove entries in successor phi nodes to remove edges.
          for (unsigned i = 1, e = TI->getNumSuccessors(); i != e; ++i)
            TI->getSuccessor(i)->removePredecessor(TI->getParent());
          
          // Remove the old terminator.
          TI->eraseFromParent();
        }
      }

      // Finally, delete the basic block.
      F->getBasicBlockList().erase(DeadBB);
    }
  }

  // If we inferred constant or undef return values for a function, we replaced
  // all call uses with the inferred value.  This means we don't need to bother
  // actually returning anything from the function.  Replace all return
  // instructions with return undef.
  const hash_map<Function*, LatticeVal> &RV =Solver.getTrackedFunctionRetVals();
  for (hash_map<Function*, LatticeVal>::const_iterator I = RV.begin(),
         E = RV.end(); I != E; ++I)
    if (!I->second.isOverdefined() &&
        I->first->getReturnType() != Type::VoidTy) {
      Function *F = I->first;
      for (Function::iterator BB = F->begin(), E = F->end(); BB != E; ++BB)
        if (ReturnInst *RI = dyn_cast<ReturnInst>(BB->getTerminator()))
          if (!isa<UndefValue>(RI->getOperand(0)))
            RI->setOperand(0, UndefValue::get(F->getReturnType()));
    }

  // If we infered constant or undef values for globals variables, we can delete
  // the global and any stores that remain to it.
  const hash_map<GlobalVariable*, LatticeVal> &TG = Solver.getTrackedGlobals();
  for (hash_map<GlobalVariable*, LatticeVal>::const_iterator I = TG.begin(),
         E = TG.end(); I != E; ++I) {
    GlobalVariable *GV = I->first;
    assert(!I->second.isOverdefined() &&
           "Overdefined values should have been taken out of the map!");
    DOUT << "Found that GV '" << GV->getName()<< "' is constant!\n";
    while (!GV->use_empty()) {
      StoreInst *SI = cast<StoreInst>(GV->use_back());
      SI->eraseFromParent();
    }
    M.getGlobalList().erase(GV);
    ++IPNumGlobalConst;
  }

  return MadeChanges;
}