[FileManager] Don't crash if reading from stdin and stat(".") fails

addAncestorsAsVirtualDirs("<stdin>") quickly returns without doing work
because "<stdin>" has no parent_path.  This violates the expectation
that a subsequent call to getDirectoryFromFile("<stdin>") would succeed.
Instead, it fails because it uses the "." if the file has no path
component.

Fix this by keeping the behavior between addAncestorsAsVirtualDirs and
getDirectoryFromFile symmetric.

llvm-svn: 266089