[ConstraintSystem] Add helpers to deal with linear constraints.

This patch introduces a new ConstraintSystem class, that maintains a set
of linear constraints and uses Fourier–Motzkin elimination to eliminate
constraints to check if there are solutions for the system.

It also adds a convert-constraint-log-to-z3.py script, which can parse
the debug output of the constraint system and convert it to a python
script that feeds the constraints into Z3 and checks if it produces the
same result as the LLVM implementation. This is for verification
purposes.

Reviewed By: spatel

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D84544