[libc++] Clean up old macOS back-deployment workarounds

This patch bumps the minimum macOS version for building the dylib
or back-deploying a statically-linked libc++ from macOS 10.11 to
macOS 10.13. AFAICT, Chrome was the last one to require macOS 10.11,
but since then they have bumped their minimal supported version to
macOS 10.13.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D145012