[sanitizer] Simplify GetTls with dl_iterate_phdr

GetTls is the range of

* thread control block and optional TLS_PRE_TCB_SIZE
* static TLS blocks plus static TLS surplus

On glibc, lsan requires the range to include
`pthread::{specific_1stblock,specific}` so that allocations only referenced by
`pthread_setspecific` can be scanned.

This patch uses `dl_iterate_phdr` to collect TLS ranges. Find the one
with `dlpi_tls_modid==1` as one of the initially loaded module, then find
consecutive ranges. The boundaries give us addr and size.

This allows us to drop the glibc internal `_dl_get_tls_static_info` and
`InitTlsSize` entirely. Use the simplified method with non-Android Linux for
now, but in theory this can be used with *BSD and potentially other ELF OSes.

In the future, we can move `ThreadDescriptorSize` code to lsan (and consider
intercepting `pthread_setspecific`) to avoid hacks in generic code.

See https://reviews.llvm.org/D93972#2480556 for analysis on GetTls usage
across various sanitizers.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D98926